GC-MS analysis of honeybee products derived from medicinal plants

Abstract Background Honeybees provide a wealth of valuable natural products containing health-promoting bioactive compounds, including honey, bee bread, venom, pollen, propolis, and royal jelly. In the present study, we investigated chemical composition four honeybee (bees, jelly, bread) derived from three medicinal plants (marjoram, trifolium, citrus) using headspace GC-MS. Results GC-MS analysis coupled with method resulted in identification 24 volatile compounds marjoram 14 trifolium 25 citrus e.g., some these appeared all types honey aroma, which are 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl) other unique specific for each type where 23 were bees, 38 about 37 identified bees 2,4-decadienal, (E, E) methyl N-methyl anthranilate common all. Furthermore, jelly aroma acetic acid, 8-nonen-2-one furfural one compound both that is 2-furancarboxaldehyde,5-(Hydroxymethyl) 2,3-butanediol 5-methylfurfural also only appear furfur alcohol, Finally, 3 30 bread identified. Conclusions A detailed metabolomic product groups revealed an intriguing diversity, sample exhibiting its own fingerprint.